Overpopulation Is Not Too Late - 1729 Words

â€Å"A crowded society is a restrictive society; an overcrowded society becomes an authoritarian, repressive and murderous society† (Abbey).As resources continue to diminish due to high consumption, what awaits in the future is far from harmonious. It is only until now that government advertisers have found interest in raising consciousness about the issue of overpopulation, but is it too late for the inevitable events that are to come? With the rise of technology that question has become difficult to answer as new advancements continue to do the unexpected and merely the impossible. For instance topics that are now in discussion include cloning of living organisms, colonization in other planets, and creation of virtual worlds. Overpopulation†¦show more content†¦New technologies have made birth possible, yet the continuous reproduction has not been limited, therefore furthering the problem of overpopulation. According to an online data sheet, â€Å"World population is expected to rise from 7.2 billion today to 9.7 billion by 2050† (â€Å"World Population Data Sheet 2014†). Consequently, the idea of making life has changed in proportion to the new technological advancements. Natural conception, sperm fertilizes the egg inside the woman s body, has become a thing of the past, now even those with infertility issues have hope in the idea of creating life . There are various types of assisted reproductive technology procedures that enable those who have fertility problems produce fetuses. For example, the procedure Vitro Fertilization is when: Fertilization of the egg with the sperm, and the first few days of embryo development, occur outside the body in a test-tube or a Petri dish, in controlled conditions in a laboratory. After fertilization, early embryo development is checked in the laboratory by a scientist called an embryologist. When the embryo is 3 or 5 days old it is transferred into the uterus in the hope that the woman will become pregnant (â€Å"Assisted Reproductive Technology: The ART of Getting Pregnant†). The process of IVF requires no sexual contact that once was the only way to conceive a child .This demonstrates that technology contributes to the rise of population by encouraging

Skin Facts Free Essays

The skin is the largest organ of the body. On the average person, the skin is approximately 3000 square inches and weighs approximately seven pounds. While the eyes are the â€Å"windows of the soul†, the skin is the â€Å"window to the body† because it is the only organ that can be seen. We will write a custom essay sample on Skin Facts or any similar topic only for you Order Now The skin contains 25% of the body’s blood supply, which flow completely through the skin once every minute. The skin is the body’s largest organ of immunity. It is the body’s first line of defence, the boundary where self is designed from non-self, yet it is highly interactive with the environment. Anatomy of Normal Skin Approximately 50% of the body’s primary cells of immunity are housed in the skin at any minute. After puberty, these cells are matured in the skin. The skin is biodynamic, alive up to the stratum corneum the only barrier the skin has to the outside world. The stratum corneum is less than the thickness of one human hair. In one square inch of the skin there are 2800 openings for sweat and oil glands. Over three million sweat glands cover the body, contributing to one of the skin’s many nicknames, the third kidney. In one day, skin will release one to several millilitres’ of water. As we get older, these sweat glands produce less perspiration. Skin perspires, what some people mistakenly call breathing. It takes in about 2. 5% of the body’s oxygen and releases about 3% carbon dioxide. In general, the skin does not breathe from outside oxygen. It works on anaerobic metabolism through our lungs. The skin is a bio-conversion factory. It is the largest hormone and enzyme producing organ of the body. Two distinct layers make up the skin. The epidermis, which covers and protects and the dermis, supports the epidermis and connects it to the underlying muscles. It acts as a heat regular in conjunction with the blood stream and perspiration glands. When the body is exposed to too much heat, there is a rush of blood to the surface of the skin, permitting it to cool. At the same time, the perspiration glands secrete liquid to aid in the process. Sensory erception occurs in the skin, preventing damage to its ability to feel heat and/or cold, giving pleasure by the same ability to feel such things as the smoothness of satin of the softness of down. There is delayed light screening by means of melanin’s reaction to light. Melanin is a dark pigment found in the skin. It is the area where both sebum and perspiration production take place and where these two combine on the surface to form a protective film (acid mantle) which renders the skin less vulnerable to damage and attack by environmental factors (e. . sun, wind, bacteria) and less prone to dehydration. â€Å"pH† is a chemist’s term standing for â€Å"potential of hydrogen† and is used to describe the degree of acidity or alkalinity in the acid mantle of the skin or in a product. It is measured on a scale ranging from 0-14. The centre of the scale, 7, is neutrality (neither acid nor alkaline). A reading above 7 indicates that the substance being measured is alkaline; below 7, acid. As far as the skin is concerned, a normal pH (or normal Acid Mantle) is in the range of 4. 2 to 5. 6. It will vary from one part of the body to another and generally speaking, the pH of a man’s skin is lower (more acid) than of a woman’s. The Chemical Composition of the Skin: Water70. 0% All percentages are approximate, Protein25. 5%as water may range from 60% to 70%. Lipids2. 0% Trace Minerals0. 5% All Other2. 0% There are three main skin layers: †¢The Subcutis contains fat cells and Lipocytes which make lipids. †¢The Dermis contains nerves, blood vessels, sebaceous glands and sweat glands and consists mainly of collagen elastin. †¢The Epidermis contains keratinocytes, melanocytes and Langerhans cells. The skin, and in fact our whole body, is composed of many different types of cells. These cells have the same fundamental chemical composition but they vary in size, shape and function. The cells that comprise the outer layer of the skin are themselves a series of many layers that overlap each other, thus ensuring that cellular or other fluids cannot escape from the body via the skin except through a cut or break, or by means of special escape routes: the pore of follicles. The outer surface of the skin is comprised of flattened dead cells. Underneath however, there are living cells, which are somewhat fuller, and the deeper one goes into the skin, the fuller and rounder the cells become. At the bottom of all the layers, there is a row of cells, which are the ones that are always growing and in the process, pushing other cells upward, the cells become flattened as they are emptied of their natural fluid through pressure and dehydration. This normal process of shedding and renewal takes about 30 days (which means that after a cell is born in the bottom layer, it ends up on the surface of the skin, dead and ready to shed). The number of things the skin does for us is incredible. It covers us (epidermis and dermis), helps us keep warm (fatty layer), cools us off (sweat glands), keeps itself supple (oil glands) provides ultraviolet ray protection (melanin cells, registers our sense of touch (nerves), and is ornamental (hair, eyelashes, nails). Over time, dead protein cells can build up and block sebaceous and sudoriferous glands. This causes disturbances in the skins pH levels, normal rhythm and proliferation. How to cite Skin Facts, Papers

Quality Brands and Trusted Retailing †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Quality Brands and Trusted Retailing. Answer: Introduction: The article is taken from Harvard Business School; it explains secretarial has control at the forefront of globalization over the past decades (Thompson 2016). In the year 2010, more than 100 countries include all major economies of the world that have accept either general set of secretarial philosophy that is termed as International Financial Reporting Standards. The IFRS have started an IFRS harmonization agenda that places a national strategy in response to IFRS. In this case, the proliferation of IFRS considered as one of the significant expansion in recent business supremacy (Dufour, Teller and Luu 2014). There is a series of case that study the economies of countries such as Canada, India and China. It is analyzed that there is similarities as well as differences that is present in the international political dynamics that aims at contributing towards countries response towards International Financial Reporting Standards. In this framework, it is essential for explaining as we ll as predicting the decisions made after implementation of IFRS harmonization and potential structure that greatly influences the accounting in the given form (Samujh and Devi 2015). The globalization of secretarial principles has been noted through the proliferation of IFRS in and across the world and is one of the most significant growths in corporate authority over past decades (Rugman 2016). It is necessary to analyze worldwide supporting vibrant of countries IFRS harmonization judgment. From the given jurisdictions, it is required to describe the exceptional fundamentals of domestic political financial system that are shaping with the IFRS policies. Furthermore, Harmonization means to all the efforts that include falling of diversity in secretarial perform in and across the globe when meeting means events that are adopted by individual countries in the course of moving from nationwide GAAP to IFRS after making the comparison (Dufour, Teller and Luu 2014). There are four fundamental assumptions in IFRS harmonization that include accrual basis, going concern, stable measuring unit supposition and unit of constant purchasing power (Nurunnabi 2017). To explain each of the assumptions, these are as follows: Accrual basis- The first assumption is accrual basis of accounting where the result of dealings as well as other proceedings are obtainable when they occur and not as cash as it is increase or salaried (Nurunnabi 2015). Going concern- The second assumption of IFRS is going concern that is an entity that will carry on for the predictable prospect. Steady measuring unit supposition- The third assumption is stable measuring unit assumption of IFRS harmonization where the financial capital maintenance especially in supposed financial units (Nobes 2015). Units of stable purchasing authority- The forth assumption of IFRS harmonization is units of stable purchasing power. This is the monetary upholding in units for stable purchasing authority at the time of either deflation or inflation. In that case, rejection of the stable measuring unit assumptions for future analysis purpose (Dufour, Teller and Luu 2014). Contextual issues of implementing IFRS in emerging economies and in developed countries The title of the first selected article is A study of the institutional and economic determinants of IFRS adoption in emerging economies (Dufour, Teller and Luu 2014). This article explains the contextual issues that are used after implementing IFRS in emerging economies and developed countries. The main purpose of the section is to discover the fundamental assumptions of institutional as well as financial network hypothesis that either supports or sustains promising financial system result for adopting IFRS (Nieman and Fouch 2016). The title of the second article is Accounting for a developing world-A look at international standards on developing countries. The main purpose of the section is to examine the accounting issues in developing in and across the world as well as approaches that are used for increasing the effectiveness and reliability of accounting and financial reporting of the developed countries (M?s?rl?o?lu, Tucker and Ykseltrk. 2013). It is necessary to look at the effect for implementing IFRS in developed countries and reasons as to why some developed countries select not to use IFRS. It is thereby needed to make recommendations so that nations implement IFRS as well as approaches as the most successful attributes based in the previous country case studies and findings. It is noted that developing countries mostly do have an established accounting as well as auditing tradition (Dufour, Teller and Luu 2014). Addition to that, the developing countries often lack strong professional accounting body if they have it even one at all. The underlying issue identified is the shortage of skilled professional accounting workforce in and across nations. In that case, it mainly prevents the development of a well-functioning financial environment. Countries such as Ghana have insufficient funds for teaching institutions where secretarial is taught that include lack of accomplished teachers, improper structure for preparation and teaching of accountants and lack of education materials. Most of the countries even faces unfavorable political environment where corruption is common as well as transparency is limited in nature (Kothari, Ramanna and Skinner 2015). The title of the third article is Are IFRS harder to implement for emerging economies compared to developed countries. In real practice, it is argued that worldwide secretarial harmonization procedure majorly faces educational confrontation during tough circumstances of given secretarial improvement (Kossentini and Othman 2014). In that case, it is believed that confrontation is felt more in the rising countries on comparing it with the developed countries. This section analyzes the literature on promising countries that do not have any communications or the real needs that justifies a improvement of international harmonization except there is need for displaying an IFRS label. It mainly facilitates assessment that is used for looking at the firm and comparing it between emerging economies and developed financial markets (Dufour, Teller and Luu 2014). After looking at the culture between Anglo and American, it gets close to IFRS that leads to a complexity after adopting these princip les by any country where unique secretarial scheme is continental. In addition, these countries adopts the procedure of worldwide harmonization begins with an aversion to the Anglo-Saxon secretarial society where the later is dissimilar from the continental secretarial cultural at various levels (Hong, Hung and Lobo 2014). From the above three articles, it is understood that corruption flourishes when there is little government transparency, illiteracy as well as no freedom of information legislation as there is lack of freedom of speech and dysfunctional government systems (He, Wong and D. Young. 2012). Most of the lesser developed countries often lack required financial as well as technical capacity that is often undisclosed to its citizens. Addition to that, there is lack of lax fiscal controls, weak institutions, process of government as well as false government financial statements that is undisclosed to the citizens. Revelation of depository as well as fiscal organization is often ambiguous or deceptive, which restricts overseas speculation and the expansion of resources markets. Devoid of consistent monetary declaration, shareholder is unwilling to presume the risks of lack of simplicity and investor defense. Whereas not every nation faces all of these issues, most of them have at least some of the problems that are listed and need proper attention (Dufour, Teller and Luu 2014). Furthermore, it makes for adverse surroundings in which to grow cost-effectively and carry out trade. In addition to that, it requires implementation of sufficient secretarial principles much more complex in circumstances that is less than perfect. Though, ongoing to get better on the secretarial and monetary institutions will help to ease some of these issues that this nation face (Dufour, Teller and Luu 2014). Use of IFRS in Wesfarmers Limited and Woolworths Limited Wesfarmers Limited is one of the retail companies that is listed in Australian Listed Exchange and occupies the highest place in terms of revenue. Wesfarmers Limited recognized an IFRS Project Team for managing the change to Australian equal IFRS at the end of 2003 (Wesfarmers.com.au. 2016). Furthermore, this project team consists of project sponsor, full time project accountant, steering committee as well as project working party. This project accountants as well as operational party members works together with leadership from the steering board and work for the project for more than 12 months and had successfully achieved various milestones such as identifying all secretarial strategy modify, quantification of the common of monetary collision with the exception that have a transition date other than 1st July 2004 as well as interpreting by external parties (Dufour, Teller and Luu 2014). Wesfarmers Limited is currently looking for clarification from the urgent issues group that come s under employee share plan in accordance to IFRS. This is under the new Australian equivalents where IFRS appears to be two alternative accounting treatments. In this, the first alternative is applicable to AASB 2 to the issue of share component as well as benefit to the employee from the arrangement with the loan component and the benefit given to the employee after arranging accounts that is in accordance to the requirements of AASB 139. In addition, the second alternative treats the overall arrangement that grants for options under the accounting standard (AASB 2). In case of transition adjustment, changes are made in accordance to the recognition of mine rehabilitation provisions that are in accordance with IFRS as well as result after recognition for the year 2004 of a large increment of provision (M?s?rl?o?lu, Tucker and Ykseltrk. 2013). By explaining the provision, it is understood that Wesfarmers Limited will aims at increasing the worth of mine growth assets to the degree to which amortized cost of the connected treatment assets with the residual differences that is being adjusted in the preserve income. Therefore, Wesfarmers Limited is still evaluating that collision on the assets as well as retained earnings from increased in liability (Crittenden and Crittenden 2014). Woolworth Limited has traditionally prepared consolidated financial statement under UK GAAP (Woolworthslimited.com.au. 2016). This company is listed in Australian Stock Exchange and uses IFRS for documenting the financials. Woolworth Limited reports UK GAAP financial results for the year 2005 as well as financial results that is dated and reported under IFRS. It takes into consideration the Woolworth Limited consolidated balance where there is transition to IFRS in the opening balance sheet (M?s?rl?o?lu, Tucker and Ykseltrk. 2013). Woolworth Limited first IFRS financial statements will be prepared in accordance with the various accounting policies from the financial information as presented in the company reports. Woolworth Limited had adopted IFRS that is mentioned in IFRS 1 where the first time adoption is done for IFRS as well as set out the procedures where Woolworth Limited must follow when it adopt IFRS for the first time based on preparation of consolidated financial statement s. Woolworth Limited is needed to establish its IFRS accounting policies that is applicable for determining the IFRS opening balance sheet and transition date (M?s?rl?o?lu, Tucker and Ykseltrk. 2013). In IFRS 3, it is mentioned regarding business combination where Woolworth Limited has elected nit to apply IFRS 3 to business combinations where it takes place before the date of change. IFRS 2 explains share-based payments Woolworth Limited has not adopted the exception to apply IFRS only to awards granted where they uses retrospective approach for maintaining consistency in and across reporting period (Albu et al. 2013). Discussing the findings in the context of institutional theory framework Nurunnabi (2015) explains institutional theory resides at place or superorganizational levels where the authors break down differences between the institutional as well as cultural. In that case, there is huge influence over strength of institutions that is a purpose of the extent to which they comes across political actors at a personality and managerial level those ties up material possessions as well as system (M?s?rl?o?lu, Tucker and Ykseltrk. 2013). Institutional theories as functional to government posit two separate types of institutions pressure over rule and following act (Dufour, Teller and Luu 2014). Addition to that, Institutions can be limit, overlay circumstances of option for recruitment, admission, and power. Institutions limit some forms of act and make possible with other attributes in the most appropriate way. It is argued that institutional restraint evokesarchitectural or confusing images; to the degree that institutions are hypothesized to carry on from influential states, such structural design becomes a tangible, enormous, independent stronghold. Therefore, in case of theory of supporting mediation as well as opinionated chance are, partly, institutional restraint influences, to the degree that they hypothesize that supporting organization limit the circumstances under which prearranged interests assemble and reach communal goods in an effective way (Albu, Albu and Alexander 2014). On the contrary, there is other form of institutional hypothesize, more distinctive among sociological institutionalism, posits that organization are constitutive, set up the obtainable and viable models and heuristics for biased action (M?s?rl?o?lu, Tucker and Ykseltrk. 2013). Furthermore, it is argued that on matters relating to constitutive properties of institutions remind images of educational structure or toolkits. In other words, Political sociological condition constructionist or Toquevillian hypothesis of recruitment and recognize configuration are institutional constitutive influence, suggest that the actions of states help to make cognitively reasonable and ethically justified convinced types of communal complaint, sentiment, individuality, philosophy, associational ties, and actions in the first place. Sociological institutionalist hypothesis of the pressure of epistemic group of people on rule paradigms or of INGOs on a planet polity or worldwide preeminence, likewise, p ropose that normative and cognitive institutions as entrenched in system of knowledge comprise the ethical and epistemological basis of rule strategy (Albu, Albu and Alexander 2014). As rightly put forward by Nurunnabi (2015), institutional theory means demonstrating the cognitive as well as normative viability of policy underlying principle and the instruction. It is now essential to delegate scientific power for specialist bodies where the actors generate rule through enacting the suggestions for technical or procedural epistemic communities (Dufour, Teller and Luu 2014). It is required for defaulting the standards as well as regulations in case of worldwide supremacy. The normal sociological institutionalist investigate scheme is a quantitative modeling of waves of strategy meeting over an comprehensive time across a populace of following unit, classically nation-states or sub national units such as U.S. states, using time sequence or occasion record examination. Addition to that, exogenous institutionalization reason is deliberate by stage of international contribution, such as during agreement, convention, or the number of worldwide nongovernmental associati on. Nevertheless, Endogenous command issue or biased issue is deliberate to test option, no institutional hypotheses (M?s?rl?o?lu, Tucker and Ykseltrk. 2013). In addition, Demand data such as financial or demographic facts are often straightforward and obtainable, but events of domestic where it is noted where entries such as recruitment pressure, being hard to readily collect international and hardly ever preassembled in the data sets of worldwide NGO in given form (Adibah et al. 2013). It is often calculated by abstract proxies such as self-governing circumstances or decision-making power or in that such instances help in providing several attributes that need proper attention during, occasionally, release for looking at different priorities for future analysis purpose. Reference List Adibah Wan Ismail, W., Anuar Kamarudin, K., van Zijl, T. and Dunstan, K., 2013. Earnings quality and the adoption of IFRS-based accounting standards: Evidence from an emerging market. Asian Review of Accounting, 21(1), pp.53-73. Albu, C. t. l. N., N. Albu, and D. Alexander. 2014. When global accounting standards meet the local context? Insights from an emerging economy. Critical Perspectives on Accounting 25 (6):489-510. Ali, M. J., K. Ahmed, and D. Henry. Albu, C.N., Albu, N. and Alexander, D., 2014. When global accounting standards meet the local contextInsights from an emerging economy. Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 25(6), pp.489-510. Albu, C.N., Albu, N., Pali?Pista, S.F., Grbin?, M.M., Selimoglu, S.K., Kovcs, D.M., Lukcs, J., Mohl, G., Mllerov, L., Pasekov, M. and Arsoy, A.P., 2013. Implementation of IFRS for SMEs in emerging economies: Stakeholder perceptions in the Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania and Turkey. Journal of International Financial Management Accounting, 24(2), pp.140-175. Crittenden, W.F. and Crittenden II, C.A., 2014. The accounting professions role in corporate governance in frontier markets: A research agenda. Organizations and Markets in Emerging Economies, (2), pp.7-22. Dufour, D., Teller, P. and Luu, P., 2014. A neo-institutionalist model of the diffusion of IFRS accounting standards. Computational Economics, 44(1), pp.27-44. He, X., T. J. Wong, and D. Young. 2012. Challenges for Implementation of Fair Value Accounting in Emerging Markets: Evidence from China. Contemporary Accounting Research 29 (2):538-562. Hong, H.A., Hung, M. and Lobo, G.J., 2014. The impact of mandatory IFRS adoption on IPOs in global capital markets. The Accounting Review, 89(4), pp.1365-1397. Kossentini, A. and Othman, H., 2014. A study of the institutional and economic determinants of IFRS adoption in emerging economies. Working paper, University of Tunis, Tunis. Kothari, S.P., Ramanna, K. and Skinner, D.J., 2015. Political Standards: Corporate Interest, Ideology, and Leadership in the Shaping of Accounting Rules for the Market Economy. Journal of Accounting Economics, 45(20), pp.2-3. M?s?rl?o?lu, ?. U., J. Tucker, and O. Ykseltrk. 2013. Does Mandatory Adoption of IFRS Guarantee Compliance? The International Journal of Accounting 48 (3):327-363. Nieman, G. and Fouch, K., 2016. Developing a regulatory framework for the financial, management performance and social reporting systems for co-operatives in developing countries: a case study of South Africa: original research. Acta Commercii, 16(1), pp.1-7. Nobes, C. 2015. IFRS Ten Years on: Has the IASB Imposed Extensive Use of Fair Value? Has the EU Learnt to Love IFRS? And Does the Use of Fair Value make IFRS Illegal in the EU? Accounting in Europe, 12 (2):153. Nurunnabi, M., 2015. Tensions between politico?institutional factors and accounting regulation in a developing economy: insights from institutional theory. Business Ethics: A European Review, 24(4), pp.398-424. Nurunnabi, M., 2017. Auditors perceptions of the implementation of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in a developing country. Journal of Accounting in Emerging Economies, 7(1). Rugman, A.M., 2016. Multinational enterprises from emerging markets. Securing the Global Economy: G8 Global Governance for a Post-Crisis World, p.63. Samujh, H. and Devi, S.S., 2015. Implementing IFRS for SMEs: Challenges for Developing Economies. International Journal of Management and Sustainability, 4(3), pp.39-59. Thompson, S.C., 2016. Accounting for a Developing World: A look at International Standards on Developing Countries. Wesfarmers.com.au. 2016.Reports. [online] Available at: https://www.wesfarmers.com.au/investor-centre/company-performance-news/reports [Accessed 9 Aug. 2016]. Woolworthslimited.com.au. 2016.Quality Brands and Trusted Retailing - Woolworths Limited. [online] Available at: https://www.woolworthslimited.com.au [Accessed 23 Aug. 2016].

The merchant of venic Essays - British Films, English-language Films

The merchant of venic "The Merchant of Venice" by WIlliam Shakespeare. "The Merchant of Venice" is a play about revenge, justice, deseption and friendship. The story is about, Shylock a wealth Jew, lending one of his enemies, Antonoi, three thousand ducats. Although Antonio is a rich merchant all his resources are in his ships, trading too distant countries, but because he wants to help out his friend,Bassanio, he has no choice but to ask Shylock for a loan , not to know it could lead to his death. In this play there is a big difference between the Christian charaters and Shylock, the main difference being Shylock seems to be more interested in his money and business rather than human relationships, which the Christian charaters seem to b e more interested in. However, in one part of the play Shylock seems to be hurt at the fact his daughter has sold a ring, which his deceases wife gave him, for a monkey. (Act 3 Scene 1 ) " It was my turquoise, I had it off Leah when i was a bachelor. I Would not have given it for a Wilderness of monkeys. " This shows a side to Shylock that we have never seen. It shows the love he had and still has for his deceased wife Leah. Shylock shows how hurt and betrayed he feels that his daughter has sold his ring by saying that he wouldn't had given it away for a " wilderness of monkeys ". Another theme in the play that Shylock brings out is predjudice. He judges people before he gives them a chance to show what they are really like. He has different veiws on different characters depanding on who they are. ( Act 1 Scene 3 ) "I hat him for he is a Christian" This shows how he feels against antonio , a Christian whom he has never met and it shows how prejudice he can be. In one part of the play Shylock shows a side to him we have never seen before. Instead if seeing him as the man who is greedy and self-centred, we see a man who has been ridiculed and ill treated. ( Act 1 Scene 3 ) "Many a thime and oft in the ralto You have rated me about my moneys And my usanes still i have borne it With a patient shrug, for sufferance Is the badge of all our tribe. You Call me a misbeliever cut-throught Dog and spit on mu Jewish Gabardine. " THe quote shows that shylock feels almost hurt at the fact the Christian characters are looking donw on him and hir religion although he was doing the exact same to Bassanio. In conclusion we see how the playwright uses charaterisation to reveal the themes of the play. I think Shaspeare shows this very well and the play was very exciting and enjoyable to read. The Character of Shylock in Merchant of Venice Few characters created by Shakespeare embodies pure evil like the character of Shylock in The Merchant of Venice. Shylock is a usurer and a malevolent, blood-thirsty old man consumed with plotting the downfall of his enemies. He is a malignant,vengeful character, consumed with venomous malice1; a picture of callous, unmitigated villainy, deaf to every appeal of humanity2. Shylock is the antagonist opposite the naive, essentially good Antonio, the protagonist; who must defend himself against the "devil" Shylock. The evil he represents is one of the reasons Shakespeare chose to characterize Shylock as a Jew, as Jews of his time were seen as the children of the Devil, the crucifiers of Christ and stubborn rejecters of God's wisdom and Christianity. However, when Shakespeare created Shylock, he did not insert him in as a purely flat character, consumed only with the villainy of his plot. One of the great talents that Shakespeare possessed, remarks Shakespeare analyst Harrold R. Walley, was his ability to make each key character act like a real, rational person. Walley said of all of Shakespeare's characters, hero or villain, that "Their conduct is always presented as logical and justifiable from their point of view3." To maintain the literary integrity of the play, "Shakespeare is under the necessity

A Society essays

A Society essays I have spent over time, searching an interesting author and novel or tale till I first found Virginia woolf. She had her literacy life make upon one of the most brilliant author who showed herself deeply engaged in social problems from her lifetime. I considered a hard task to develop some comments on regard to Virginia Woolfs work A society without having previous information of hers. Although, I heard a lot about several novelists and author in my studies at University, until I decided for the author above. Finally, let me show you what I considered more significant details on Virginia Woolf. Virginia Woolf felt the most manifestations of depression. Why did it happen to her? For instance, in those troubled years, she was emotionally disturbed because of the sexual advances of her half-brother George Duckworth. Her brother remained a tolerated but persistent troublesome presence in her life until she was in twenties. Of course, some critics have exaggerated the extent of this intrusion in her life as I have told you. It explains to us why she was considered a real feminist and possesses of deeply knowledge of womens world. Anyway, it helps me to identify her, as soon as, I start reading anything which remind of how women was defined only as sexual object. It was not all, in her tale A society; she chose an irony way to exposure another serious problem, that is, prejudice involving women. Doing it perfectly, so she was too skilled to convey her thinking into written language. Meanwhile her two daughters were educated for the most part by their parents, at home, Virginia was given the run of her fathers library. Her hours of reading were her real education. Although, she was well-literacy citizen, she was denied from university courses because of her sex. In this point, I could understand another theme of her tale A society sex discrimination. ...

Benchmarking Is The Process Of Comparing Management Essay

Benchmarking Is The Process Of Comparing Management Essay Benchmarking  is the process of comparing ones business processes and  performance metrics  to industry bests or  best practices from other industries. Dimensions typically measured are quality, time and cost. In the process of benchmarking, management identifies the best firms in their industry, or in another industry where similar processes exist, and compare the results and processes of those studied (the â€Å"targets†) to one’s own results and processes. In this way, they learn how well the targets perform and, more importantly, the business processes that explain why these firms are successful. Benchmarking is used to measure performance using a specific  indicator  (cost per unit of measure, productivity per unit of measure, cycle time of x per unit of measure or defects per unit of measure) resulting in a metric of performance that is then compared to others. Also referred to as â€Å"best practice benchmarking† or â€Å"process benchmarking †, this process is used in management and particularly strategic management, in which organizations evaluate various aspects of their processes in relation to best practice companies’ processes, usually within a peer group defined for the purposes of comparison. This then allows organizations to develop plans on how to make improvements or adapt specific best practices, usually with the aim of increasing some aspect of performance. Benchmarking may be a one-off event, but is often treated as a continuous process in which organizations continually seek to improve their practices. Also referred to as â€Å"best practice benchmarking† or â€Å"process benchmarking†, this process is used in management and chiefly strategic management, in which organizations evaluate various aspects of their processes in relation to best practice companies’ processes, usually surrounded by a peer group distinct for the purposes of comparison. This then allows organizatio ns to develop plans on how to make improvements or adapt specific best practices, usually with the aim of increasing some aspect of performance. https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgN_Xx04ALLEaPaQVNaEAr39tzNq7RVBhRIq2oqyhXxP4lmaFTtVTbKfyfhXVGg6z2r7NTodChyhTighKWeVeilnIWh6yx3_Z1uZOuTL6fbVdUnuRAugN98aybgjq083fHsi_P8FW6UruwN/s1600/BENCHMARKING.gif Benefits and use Lowering Labor Costs One advantage of benchmarking may be lower labor costs. For example, a small manufacturing company may study how a top competitor uses robots for several basic plant functions. These robots may help the competitor save a significant amount of money on labor costs. Company managers may obtain information on these robotics systems through the competitor’s website or online articles. They may also identify the company that sold the competitor the robots. Subsequently, the company using benchmarking may call the robot manufacturer to help set up its own system. Improving Product Quality Companies may also use benchmarking to improve product quality. Engineers sometimes purchase leading competitors’ products. They may then take them apart, study them and determine how the competitors’ products outlast or outperform others in the industry. Chemical engineers may study food or cleaning products in a similar manner. They can then compare various elements contained in competitive products to their own product line. Subsequently, improvements can be made to product quality. Increasing Sales and Profits A company that uses benchmarking to improve its functions, operations, products and services may enjoy increases in sales and profits. Customers are likely to notice these improvements. The benchmarking company may also promote is improvements through company brochures, its sales reps, magazine and television ads. These efforts are likely to increase sales, especially among core customers. Companies that operate more efficiently due to benchmarking can drastically lower their expenses. These savings can be lead to greater profits.

The Forced Marriage Legislation in the UK Research Paper - 1

The Forced Marriage Legislation in the UK - Research Paper Example â€Å"Marriage, whether civil or religious, is a contract, formally entered into. It confers on the parties the status of husband and wife, the essence of the contract being an agreement between a man and a woman to live together, and to love one another as husband and wife, to the exclusion of all others†. This is the universal and perhaps most comprehensive characterization of marriage. Among the most controversial aspects of this is the element of consent. This is encapsulated in the concept of a contract. In a contract consent that is not tainted by force or coercion is essential to its validity. Consequently, it is also a major of controversy for marriage. This is compounded by the fact that marriages as a social phenomenon are diverse and multi-faceted.The forces governing present society in the present have imposed significant challenges upon marriage. These adverse forces have given rise to a wide array of problems. The government today struggle tot to protect and uphold family and marriages by finding means to deal with the various problems that undermine them.This also challenges the state to uphold society’s many concepts of marriage while also containing negative elements attributed to it. Furthermore, it has to strike the balance between its power to regulate societ y, society’s right to culture and the welfare of its citizens. This is not a mundane task given the complexity involved and the magnitude of the harms involved society today.Among the malign realities faced by society today are â€Å"forced marriages.† This kind of marriage â€Å"is a marriage conducted without the valid consent of both parties, where duress is a factor. Duress can range from emotional pressure from family members to threatening behavior, abduction or imprisonment, and physical violence†.

Lebanon Annotated Bibliography Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Lebanon - Annotated Bibliography Example Within the context of the stated, allegiance to Lebanon is subsumed by family and blood and this is the real source of the country's division and problems. Cerulo examines the phenomenon of identity in this article. As he explains, each and every individual has multiple identities. Amongst these are primordial identity, optionalist identity and collectivist identities. A person is identified in terms of his family, his social class, his educational status, his religion, his ethnicities and his nationality, to name but a handful. None of these identities cross out or negate the other but, instead, supposedly co-exist. The real question is which of these identities dominates as the dominant identity is usually that which directs behaviour and actions. Cerulo believes that the dominant identity is a negotiated identity, one that has been constructed on the based of all the identities particular to the individual. Farour, a political sociologist, argues that Lebanon's youth are confronting an identity crisis. Not only do they have to contend with the multiple identities which are thrust upon them by the very fact that they happened to be born in a country in which familial and ethnic identities dominate over others but with the East versus West tension. They are expected to be Easterners, Arabs whose identity is defined in traditional Arab-centric cultural terms. Yet, due to their unprecedented exposure to the outside world and to Western culture, they are unable to unquestioningly accept the traditional Arab/Eastern identity. They are trapped between Eastern and Western identities and are a product of the interaction between the two. Faour believes that the country's youth is engaged in the negotiation of an identity which would draw the East and the West together. Salibi, K. (1988) A house of many mansions: The history of Lebanon reconsidered. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. Salibi engages in a historical investigation of the roots of Lebanon's identity problem. As he presents it, over the past centuries Lebanon was exposed to numerous cultures, each and every one of which attempted to impose itself on the country. The Arabs tried to Arabize Lebanon, the Ottomans tried to Ottomize and the French to Frenchify it to name but a few examples. Throughout its history, Lebanon has moved from one identity to the other. The ultimate outcome was that the country was not given the opportunity to develop its own national identity, culminating in division between multiple identities. This, according to Salibi, is Lebanon's

Reply to Post of Jennifer Schaefer Essay Example for Free

Reply to Post of Jennifer Schaefer Essay The outline set by the learner for the conduct and content of the initial interview is very traditional and methodological. It starts out with the gathering of relevant information, analyzing the data and then formulating solutions to the problems of the clients. This method is the commonly used approach in the world of therapy because it has been proven effective and easy to use by many therapists. For the first part of the outline, I think that the learner is very formal. This may make the client feel that he or she is being examined by a professional which is not helpful in forging a relationship with the client. This stage is very important because it empowers and enables the client to disclose all his or her experiences that will lead the therapist to find or provide solutions to the client’s problems. In the end, this formal or rigid approach can impede the progress of the counseling session. Reply to Post of Michele Moran The outline drafted by the learner tackles the issues of the client from recent to old. The problem that I see with this kind of approach in conducting an initial interview is that it seems very invasive to the client. At the beginning of the interview, the therapist or counselor would immediately ask for personal information about the client. Then, the client will be bombarded with questions or insinuations regarding his or her problem. I think these stages are essential but a rapport first must be established between the client and the therapist. Through this, the client can feel the he or she is not just talking to a professional who is doing his job but more of a friend or confidant who is willing to help and concerned about the welfare and development of the client.

Triangular Structure in James Joyces Dubliners Essay -- James Joyce D

Triangular Structure in James Joyce's Dubliners Within the body of literary criticism that surrounds James Joyce's Dubliners is a tendency to preclude analysis beyond an Irish level, beyond Joyce's own intent to "create the uncreated conscience of [his] race." However, in order to place the text within an appropriately expansive context, it seems necessary to examine the implications of the volume's predominant thematic elements within the broader scope of human nature. The "psychic drama" which places Dubliners within a three-tiered psychological framework  ² desire, repression, agression  ² lies at the root of a larger triangular structure that pervades many of our most fundamental belief systems and life processes. This structure forms the basis for the tenets of some of the most grand attempts at a definition of the purpose and origin of humanity, from the holy trinity of Catholicism to Freud's theory of id, ego, and superego. Dubliners, in its own perhaps less ambitious pursuit of a certain significance of life, embodies and exemplifies similarly triangular frameworks. They are arranged concentrically, relating to both content and structure and radiating out from that central psychological triangle  ² desire, repression, aggression. It is this structural mechanism, prevalent throughout the volume, which reveals the philosophical implications of Dubliners and places it within a broader interpretive context. While it is clear that this psychic drama manifests in its entirety in nearly every individual story in the volume, perhaps more important when viewing Dubliners from a broader perspective is the notion that the three elements of this drama seem to dominate respectively within the three life stages which form the org... ...ugh a connection such as Walzl makes between ancient interpretive theory and the text of Dubliners, it becomes apparent that the previously described triangular frameworks present in the volume serve to connect it to a certain tradition of philosophy and psychology which attempts to derive the purpose and the intrinsic driving forces of human life and behavior. Numerous examples of these triangular theories exist throughout the history of thought : traditional notions of past, present, and future; Freud's theory of id, ego, and superego; Lacan's division of life into what is real, imaginary, and symbolic; Barthes' idea of sign, signifier, and signified; just to name a few. It is debatable whether or not Joyce's structural decisions had any conscious relationship to this tradition of three-level thought, yet the implications are present regardless of his intentions.

Format: Typeface and Science Investigatory Project Essay

Title The title should be able to catch the attention of the reader. It should be concise, descriptive, and self-explanatory. It should indicate clearly what the project is about. The phrase â€Å" A Study to Show†¦Ã¢â‚¬  should be avoided, because in research you do not seek to prove something but rather to impartially find an answer. Background of the Study This presents the reasons that led the investigator to launch the study. A historical background may be given. Or the background of the study may state some observations and other relevant conditions that prompted the investigator to explore them. Some questions to guide you while writing this part of the paper are the following: 1. Why did I select this research project? 2. Are there others who have done similar studies? 3. What have the others done or not done that moved or spurred me to work on this problem? 4. What are my own observations which are relevant to the study? 5. Will the results of the study make any contribution in the attainment of a better quality of life? A. Statement of the Problem This must state what you aimed to accomplish. Whether the problem is stated in the form of a question or a declarative statement, always use brief, precise and accurate statements. The objective should be stated positively and in the declarative form. Define the general objective or main problem and the specific objective(s) or sub-problem(s) you are trying to answer or resolve. State these such that they are definitely and clearly related to the data obtained. B. Significance of the Project State why the study or project is worth making and how it can contribute to you as an individual, to your community and to your country. C. Feasibilty of Research: 1. How much time will the project take? 2. Do you have access to participants, sources, instruments, etc. 3. What are the budgetary considerations? 4. What is the extent of your knowledge and experience in the area?

Adidas Motivation

An employer of choice Rewarding employees Performance-driven remuneration system We are committed to rewarding our employees with compensation and benefit programmes that are competitive in the marketplace. The cornerstone of our rewards programme is our Global Salary Management System which is used as a basis to set the value of employees' positions and salaries in a market-driven and performance-oriented way.In addition to a fixed base salary, we also offer our employees various variable compensation components. Bonus programme: In order to allow our employees to participate in the Group's success and to reward them for their target achievement, we have implemented a global bonus programme under the name ‘aim 2 score'.This programme combines individual performance (measured in the Performance Evaluation and Planning process) and corporate performance (actual financial results measured against Group, brand, channel, division and/or business unit targets). Profit sharing: For e mployees at our Group headquarters and our other locations in Germany who do not participate in the bonus programme, we have introduced a profit sharing programme called ‘Champions Bonus'.Additional compensation components: For senior management and Executive Board members we offer Long-Term Incentive Programmes (LTIP). Other benefits include our 401-K pension plans in the USA and the adidas Group pension plan for our employees in Germany. In 2010, 2,060 employees participated in the latter, which represents 58% of all eligible employees. Other Group subsidiaries also grant a variety of additional benefits to employees depending on locally defined practices and country-specific norms.

Plato Aristotle Observations Essay

Plato Aristotle Observations Essay Plato Aristotle Observations Essay Plato was a disciple of Socrates, founded the first University (Academy), his philosophy was more metaphysical, and his most important work was the Republic. Plato proposed that belief was based on opinion and perception. In his story of the Myth of the Cave, the prisoners based their beliefs on conjecture (mistook images for reality). Understanding was the status of the released prisoner. He believed that FORMS were eternal but the concepts could change. An example is that beauty is a form but the concept of beauty can change. Beauty is still in the eye of the beholder. I believe that Plato's philosophy greatly influenced religion (another form of philosophy). This reminded me of a short independent film I had seen on YouTube called Zeitheist. It describes how the basis of modern religion (mostly Christianity) came from the worship of the Sun. In the Myth of the Cave, the Sun represents Good. When you come to know good (God) you become good. Some religions go so far to say that we o urselves can then become God. Plato's belief in Menos, or that all truth comes from within - the soul could be translated by Christianity as the "spirit". Plato's doctrine was that all knowledge is from recollection. Education helps us to remember. He compares the three aspects of individual psyche (animalistic appetite, spiritual action and rational) to the Republic (workers, soldiers and rulers). The rational rulers must convice the soldiers into action to control the animalistic workers. Artists were viewed poorly as being frauds who were ignorant and immoral. Aristotle created the first system of logic, he was Plato's student, he founded the Lyceum Academy, he believed in one world (not dualistic like Plato), and he believed that substance contained form and matter. Aristotle was a pluralist meaning he saw a substance as haiving a teleological (good-oriented) system. There were four causes: material (what its made from), formal or essence (what it strives to be), effecient (the force that brings change, and final (the ultimate purpose of the object). Nature as a whole is then a teleological system because it is striving toward whatever perfection is possible. He believes that everything is striving toward Good. But perfection must exist as a telos (goal) to strive toward. Again, I think of the belief in Christianity that Christiand should all strive to be like Jesus, who was the "perfect" human (or God on earth). He believes every act has a purpose and we are not just on hamster wheel of life for nothing. We all have a purpose and he beli eves that purpose is happiness. This reminds me of a story I read about John Lennon. When he was in Kindergarten his teacher asked everyone to write about what they want to be when they grow up. John wrote, "I want to be happy." The teacher told him he misunderstood the question and John replied, "You don't understand life." Unfortunatley Aristotle believed that happiness could only be achieved only under these conditions: you have good friends, riches, power, good birth, good children, good looks, not be too short and be free from manual labor. Though that all certainly helps, I believe that happiness is a choice. In the movie, Life is Beautiful, the main character is a Jew who is placed into a concentraion camp with his

Human Resource Information System-101 Assignment

Human Resource Information System-101 - Assignment Example The process ensures that the organization has the right mix of employee with the knowledge, skills and abilities to perform the particular jobs (Kavanagh, Thite, and Johnson 284). Job descriptions provides for the working relationships between the employee and the organization. Job descriptions are used in determining the compensation structures, promotions, dismissals, training, performance appraisals, disciplinary procedures and employee grievances handling. Numerous techniques such as the critical incident reporting, task inventory analysis and questionnaires can be used to conduct job analysis (Kavanagh, Thite, and Johnson 285). Advantages of HRIS over â€Å"paper and pencil† approach to HR operations Web-based tools such as the O*Net database which is an online repository with more than 1,000 occupations have enhanced the convenience of job analysis (Kavanagh, Thite, and Johnson 286). Guide.com also provides simple, job analysis tools to the HR professionals. HRIS have en abled online administration of job analysis questionnaires and surveys to the job incumbents. HRIS have increased accuracy and timeliness of job analysis. HRIS will assist the managers to reduce HR administration costs, improve the service to personnel and enhance the reliability of internal reporting by minimizing human input errors on employee database. HRIS will support relational databases and improve report generation since the systems contain query capabilities. HRIS enhances the secure distribution of employee data thus maintaining employee privacy (Kavanagh, Thite, and Johnson 287). Advantages of service oriented architecture for HRIS With the emergency of computer technology, software and internet technologies, most HR professionals know use HRIS to support HR transactional and administrative activities such as data accuracy and employee privacy. Service oriented architecture has enabled HR administrators to leverage on technology in HR administration. Service-oriented arch itecture involves organizing and utilizing distributed computing capabilities that are under the control of different domains in assessing, offering and using capabilities to realize desired organizational effects. The process is focused on adding value to the business rather than the technologies. SOA includes both internal and external services that communicate through coordination among various services in order to achieve the shared organizational goals. Some principles that guide SOA include flexibility, loose coupling, modularity, optimization and standards-based computing (Kavanagh, Thite, and Johnson 290). Some of the benefits of SOA architecture include improved alignment of business strategies and processes, IT consolidation capabilities and integration in order to reduce associated costs and faster implementation through modeling and reuse. For instance, eXtensible Markup Language (XML) supports SOA through data sharing over numerous information systems via the Internet. XML-Enhanced SOA improves the security of employee data and reduces transactional costs while improving customer satisfaction. It also supports compliance with HR policies and business change requirements. XML-SOA supports various HR administration structures like outsourcing, self-service

Efficient market theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Efficient market theory - Essay Example This information may make them perceive that a stock may rise or its price may decline and they may take decisions accordingly. Efficient market theory is of the idea that individuals within the market have similar information and rejects the idea that different individuals may have different information. This even means that the investor that first receives the information will benefit more than those who have received the information later. For example: some investors of the stock market receives information that the sales of Procter & Gamble have increased by 100% as compared to the figures of last year. As a result of this the trader may end up purchasing the stock. If the trader had received this information later as compared to other traders, then the trader may not have purchased the stock at the right price since other traders may have already purchased the stock and the stock prices may have

Business Environment 1 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Business Environment 1 - Assignment Example For instance, one individual forms sole proprietorships and the owner incurs all the liabilities of the business. Two or more persons can form partnership while limited liability partnerships have a limited liability. Joint ventures are formed between two or more organisations for the purpose of undertaking a specific project or attaining benefits from sharing resources, management expertise and minimising competition between rivalry firms (Barnes, Norris and Jones, 2001). British Airways is the largest airline in the UK by fleet size and is based at London’s Heathrow Airport. The airline is part of Oneworld airline alliance that includes other members such as American airlines, Qantas and Cathay (Punzel, 2011). The airline has established codeshare agreements and partnerships with other airlines such as WestJet, LAN airlines, Bangkok Airways, Japan Airlines, Finnair, Iberia, Meridiana Fly, Royal Jordanian, Air Berlin and JetBlue (Punzel, 2011). British Airways main strategic objective is to become the leading global premium travel airline through attaining the status of airline of choice for the long haul premium clients. At the same time, the airline is committed to delivering high quality services to its customers and growing its market presence in the key international cities (Punzel, 2011). The airline is currently enhancing its leadership position in London in order to beat the competition from EasyJet and improve its revenue margins through creating additional revenue streams (Barnes, Norris and Jones, 2001). The airline meets the needs of various stakeholders such as employees, customers, business partners, suppliers and the community (Punzel, 2011). According to the company, the main objective towards employees is to develop customer-focused culture than offers rewards for individual employee performance and recognise the individual efforts of each employee through offering numerous opportunities of training and development (Barnes, Norris and J ones, 2001). British Airways aims at appealing to global customers in all markets and ensuring that individual and business travellers choose the airline as the preferred mode of air travel. The company offers premium and differentiated services that are worth for additional little payment. Accordingly, the airline is focused on its aviation segment through offering cargo movement services that complement its core business activities (Barnes, Norris and Jones, 2001). Impact of UK economic system on British Airways The current UK economic system is favourable for the business operations of British Airways. Despite the economic downturn of 2008-2009 that saw a decline in passenger volumes, the airline has implemented innovative services such as new longhaul from London to New York in order to attract more customers (Gabriele, Kuenzel and Springbett, 2012). Accordingly, the airline launched the award winning Club World product for the Boeing 747 and 777s in its brand development and po sitioning efforts in order to enhance its market position as the premium airline in the world. The airline adjusted its fleet in order to cut down on employment costs and save costs on shorthaul catering and attain additional revenues from baggage allowance (Punzel, 2011). The airline works closely with key suppliers and contractors in the One Destination programme in order to improve its efforts in

Case22 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Case22 - Assignment Example This division should be based on incomes (Bister M et al, 1990). After the division, one needs to consider the roles of the various groups in creating a good relationship. This relationship should be aimed at creating value between consumers, producers and clients. As a result, marketing concepts of price, promotion, place, product and target market research has to be done by the company. These concepts; are meant to meet the goals of the company and at the same time focusing on customer satisfaction. Consumers will always prefer products of good quality and performance and those with innovative features. The products should be of affordable prices and easily available. It is the role of managers to ensure that promotion is also done, and products designed to meet the needs of the customers. There are four pillars that must be taken into account while doing this, these include; target market, customer needs, integrated marketing and profitability. Serving the bottom of the pyramid will need innovations in technology, products or services and even the business models. Local governments and civil society organizations have to work hand in hand with corporations to ensure that the needs of these low level groups are met. Satisfying these low income group and at the same time meeting company requirements at times may be hard for the company. It calls for lowering the cost of production. This is hard for many companies since they have to produce high quality products at the same time. High quality products mean that the companies have to get raw materials at low prices, which is hard. At times, managers fall in love with their products that they do not realize what these low income groups need. They feel that their products are so superior that they fail to market them. Consumers, on the other hand, need these products and at affordable prices at their convenience. Extensive reach and coverage of

Social Structure Of Mesopotamians And Egyptians History Essay

Social Structure Of Mesopotamians And Egyptians History Essay The social structure from one empire to another can vary a lot. It depended mostly on the wealth of the empire, the way the empire came to be, and other factors. In the case of the Mesopotamians and Egyptians, there were some similarities, but also some differences. Those differences included the social roles that women played in their respective empires, among other things. The Mesopotamian Empire had many opportunities to accumulate wealth. Thus, their social structure became much more clearly defined than other Neolithic communities. In early Mesopotamia, the ruling class consisted of kings and nobles who previously were great warriors. Later on, however, royal status became hereditary. The royal class was looked upon highly, and people often thought of them as part divine. Next in the social chain were the priests and priestesses, many of whom were related to the rulers in some way. Their main responsibility was to intervene with the gods and ensure good fortune for their communities. In exchange for this service, priests and priestesses led a luxurious life. Also in the social structure were free commoners. They mostly worked as farmers in the countryside or in other manufacturing jobs. Dependent clients were another class in the social structure. They possessed no property and usually worked as agricultural laborers. The last rung on the social lad der were slaves. Slaves came from three main sources: prisoners of war, convicted criminals, and people who sold themselves into slavery in order to satisfy their obligations. Most slaves were domestic servants in wealthy households, but some worked as agricultural laborers as well. The Egyptian social structure had some similarities and differences. Like the Mesopotamians, Egyptians had a well-defined social class system. Also, the Egyptian peasants and slaves played a similar role in society as the Mesopotamian peasants and slaves. However, the organization of the ruling classes differed significantly. While Mesopotamians had a series of urban kings, Egyptians had one supreme, central ruler called the pharaoh. The Egyptians had no need for nobles since the pharaoh was the absolute ruler. Instead, Egyptians relied on professional military forces and government officials. This allowed for individuals of common birth to have a higher likelihood of attaining high positions compared to Mesopotamians. The differences between the social classes of the Egyptians and Mesopotamians allowed each of them to have their own unique empires. The conditions of women were also very different between the Mesopotamians and the Egyptians. In Mesopotamia, women had subordinate legal status. However, they did have a certain amount of influence politically, economically, and socially. At ruling courts in Mesopotamia, women sometimes advised the government. Other held great power as high-ranking priestesses. Other Mesopotamian women were able to receive a formal education and pursue a career. Unfortunately, Mesopotamian men began to progressively tighten their control over the social and sexual behavior of women in the second millennium B.C.E. Egyptian women were able to have an even bigger impact on society. There was a time when a woman pharaoh took power (Queen Hatshepsut). Other women also had substantial amounts of power as priestesses. Some got formal educations as well. The Mesopotamian and Egyptian social structures had both differences and similarities. Both empires social systems were well-defined, and included similar roles for peasants and slaves. However, the rest of their system was somewhat different, especially their ruling classes. Though both gave women some social influence, Egyptians provided more powerful opportunities for women. Both empires had a successful and well-enforced social class system.

Sir Gawain and Green Knight Essays: Triumph or Failure? :: Sir Gawain Green Knight Essays

Sir Gawain: Triumph or Failure? Sir Gawain is presented as a noble knight who is the epitome of chivalry; he is loyal, honest and above all, courteous. He is the perfect knight; he is so recognised by the various characters in the story and, for all his modesty, implicitly in his view of himself. To the others his greatest qualities are his knightly courtesy and his success in battle. To Gawain these are important, but he seems to set an even higher value on his courage and integrity, the two central pillars of his manhood. The story is concerned with the conflict between his conception of himself and the reality. When Arthur's court was challenged by the Green Knight, Gawain alone offered to take the cup from Arthur's hands. He showed pride and courage greater than all - by coming forward. The poem is filled with opportunities in which Gawain inevitably was forced to face difficult decisions. During his travels he had every opportunity to turn around, especially when the rain and cold and desolation became fierce. Gawain, however, continued on his way. Three times did the lady tempt him and twice he managed to neither offend her with discourteousness nor accept her amorous advances and defile his chastity. "In destinies sad or merry, True men can but try." Tests and decisions are as numerous in any man's life as are the beats of his heart. The consequences follow him forever - he is judged by them and they affect his entire existence. However, judgement should not be passed on a man's single decisions individually, but only by observing how he has chosen to live his life. The circumstances under which each choice has been made should be considered as well. From the start Gawain was facing not only the ruination of his pride, his good name, and his spirit, but also almost certain death. As a result, he learns an essential, inescapable fact about himself and human nature - there is no shame in being imperfect. The true test of Gawain's bravery was to bare his neck to the Green Knight and finish their trading of blows. Even with his 'magic' girdle, Gawain flinched the first time. The second and third times he was able to hold steady and accept fate. After the ordeal the Green Knight ridiculed him for his weakness and fear.

Nature of Partnerships Essay

Nature of Partnerships When starting a business, it can be with a sole proprietorship, a partnership, or as a company. A partnership is the most popular and the easiest to form. Partnerships combine individual talents and skills together for a hopefully successful business enterprise venture. Man has realized that it is easier to do something with the help of others than singly. Partners, also, provide a greater chance of obtaining equity capital for their business venture, while sharing the risks that go along with a rapidly growing business. There are basically three types of partnerships: the general artnership, the limited partnership, and the limited liability partnership. This paper discusses the general partnership. The definition of a partnership is â€Å"the association of two or more persons to carry on as co-owners of a business for profit . † Partnerships may be formed as a formal agreement or informally with a handshake. Either way, a partnership agreement should be written up with all the aspects of the partnership covered. Once the partnership agreement is filled out and agreed on by all partners, each partner will need to sign stating they are in agreement. A artnership agreement helps to alleviate any conflicts that may arise at any future date. When accounting for a partnership, it will depend on the accounting method stated in the partnership agreement. If any noncash assets were contributed, these will need to be assigned a fair value. Any noncash assets brought to the partnership are the property of the partnership . Each partner investing capital will have to be agreed upon by all partners. This investment will determine the ratio or percentage of net profit or loss to be divided between each partner. If there is no ratio or ercentage stated in the partnership agreement, then everything is divided equally. When setting up the accounting for the business, most accounting methods have multiple accounts for each partner. These accounts are the capital account, which shows the initial investment of each partner, the drawing account, showing any withdrawals taken over a years’ time, and the loan account, where partners can take a loan from the business. The capital account can be maintained in two different ways: the fluctuating capital method or the fixed capital method . The division of net profit equally. To account for this division, say S, T, and U decided to set up a partnership. S contributes $40,000, T contributes $30,000, and U contributes $30,000. This would be a ratio of 4:3:3. The total contributed to the partnership is $100,000. Profit for the first year is $300,000. Because the ratio is 4:3:3, S’s net capital would be $120,000. T and Us net capital would be $90,000 each, for a total of $300,000. If the partnership decides to add a partner, whatever was determined in the partnership agreement will determine what steps to take for adding this new partner. Adding a new partner normally adds profitability. If the partners decide to cease operations, there are two alternatives to help them decide which approach is better for the business: liquidation or dissolution. â€Å"Liquidation refers to the complete sale of the business’ assets and dissolution refers to the closure of a business, often on voluntary terms of the business owner. Liquidation means that the business is closing its doors and liquidating all noncash assets and liabilities. Dissolution may mean that the partnership is dissolving and a new partnership, another partnership or business is buying out the business, or the business is dissolving. When considering dissolution, there are two types, a technical dissolution and a general dissolution . A technical dissolution is when there is a change in the composi tion of the business. A general dissolution is a complete dissolution or winding up of the partnership and the business. The dissolution may result with a mutual agreement of all partners, a partner being served notice, a court order, fraud, misrepresentation, or illegal activity, or where the business is not making a profit. Whether liquidating or winding up a business, transactions to process are the collection of receivables, conversion of oncash assets to cash, payments to creditors, liabilities closed out, and the remaining distribution of net balance to the partners, in cash . When starting a business with a partnership, it is with the intent purpose of longevity.

Autonomous Caregiver Following Robotic Wheelchair

AUTONOMOUS CAREGIVER FOLLOWING ROBOTIC WHEELCHAIR Abstract— In the last decennary, a assortment of robotic/intelligent wheelchairs have been proposed to run into the demand in aging society. Their chief research subjects are independent maps such as traveling toward some ends while avoiding obstructions, or user-friendly interfaces. Although it is desirable for wheelchair users to travel out entirely, health professionals frequently accompany them. Therefore we have to see non merely independent maps and user interfaces but besides how to cut down caregivers’ burden and back up their activities in a communicating facet. From this point of position, we have proposed a robotic wheelchair traveling with a caregiver side by side based on the MATLAB procedure. In this undertaking we discoursing about robotic wheel chair to follow a health professional by utilizing a microcontroller, Ultrasonic detector, computer keyboard, Motor drivers to run automaton. Using camera interfaced with the DM6437 ( Davinci Code Processor ) imag e is captured. The captured image are so processed by utilizing image processing technique, the processed image are so converted into electromotive force degrees through MAX 232 degree convertor and given it to the microcontroller unit serially and supersonic detector to observe the obstruction in forepart of automaton. In this automaton we have mode choice switch Automatic and Manual control of automaton, we use supersonic detector in automatic manner to happen obstruction, in Manual manner to utilize the computer keyboard to run wheel chair. In the microcontroller unit, hundred linguistic communication cryptography is predefined, harmonizing to this coding the automaton which connected to it was controlled. Robot which has several motors is activated by utilizing the motor drivers. Motor drivers are nil but a switch which ON/OFF the motor harmonizing to the control given by the microcontroller unit. Keywords:Code Composer studio,Robotic Wheelchair.IntroductionHarmonizing to the World Health Organization ( WHO ) , between the 7 and 10 % of the population worldwide suffer from some physical disablement. This nose count indicates that the most common disablement is motor, followed by sightlessness, hearing loss, rational, and linguistic communication. Many people who suffer from chronic mobility damages, such as spinal cord hurts or multiple induration, utilize a powered wheelchair to travel around their environment. However, factors such as weariness, devolution of their status, and centripetal damages, frequently limit their ability to utilize standard electric wheelchairs. This undertaking aims at developing—in coaction with applied scientists and rehabilitation clinicians—a paradigm of a multi-functional intelligent wheelchair to help persons with mobility damages in their day-to-day motive power, while minimising physical and cognitive tonss. In Existing system the control is utilizing computer keyboard or person has to assist in traveling the wheel chair and here we introduce a new technique in this we can track the caregiver’s organic structure orientation by sing its form so that the wheelchair can do a bend when the health professional is traveling to alter his/her traveling way. Based on these observations of the health professional, our wheelchair can travel with the health professional side by side. . Fig1. System Overview The coveted codification can be fed into DM6437 via CCS and consequence can be viewed in matlab. In the following subdivision, the execution of tracking algorithms will be presented. Section III proposes the algorithm with Davinci codification processor and robotic system. Decision is given in subdivision IV.Peoples DETECTION AND TRACKINGInitially connect web camera to the processor. From the picture 2 back-to-back snapshot will be taken with 2sec hold. Both the images will be converted from RGB to grey. The obtained images will hold noise. In order to take the noise Weiner filter is used. Then the filtered grey image will be converted in to grey Binary Image in which ROI is separated. From the binary image Region belongingss will be extracted. In this undertaking major axis length and orientation are extracted. These belongingss will be compared for both the images. Based on the conditions, the bids will be sent to the robotic wheelchair through consecutive port. The stairss followed in algorithm is, First we take two images automatically one by one with some hold. Convert both colour images to grey images by utilizing rgb2gray bid. Use wiener2 filter for taking gesture fuzz in both images because object is in traveling place so camera generate blurred image. Convert that wiener filtered images to binary images. Apply regionprops technique to binary images for ciphering majoraxislength, orientation ( angle ) . Here we are utilizing both instances such as majoraxislength for ciphering length of image and orientation for angle of image. After acquiring place of object that will be automatically sended to embedded kit ( wheel chair ) through consecutive port utilizing consecutive bid. Fig2. Detecting Region of InterestALGORITHM WITH DM6437 AND ROBOTIC SYSTEMTherefore the generated matlab plan has been fed into the davinci codification processor. This is done by change overing matlab codification in to c codification. The generated degree Celsius codification will be injected in to the processor utilizing Code Composer Studio. Fig3. DVM6437 with supplied electromotive force and USB connexion Fig 4. MATLAB coding Fig5. Connecting with CCSA Robotic constellation.The paradigm system can be implemented utilizing the TMS320DM6437 EVM board, the Robot, and a picture camera. The EVM board includes a DM6437 DSP with a UART consecutive port, composite picture inputs and end products, and many other peripherals. Fig6. Robotic Circuit The EVM board can be mounted above the robotic system. A gripper can be built, to attach the picture camera to the system, and avoid camera quivers, that can be caused by the automaton ‘s motion.Maestro system.The maestro system includes the robotic faculty. Thus the TI DSP processor can be interfaced to robotic faculty by agencies of UART. The robotic system can be configured with 89C51, DC brushless motors ( 45 revolutions per minute ) , detectors for the obstructions sensing and UART for the external. This microcontroller enforce greater versatility with the option for Embedded Web waiter application, so that system can be monitored from the distant location. Therefore configuring the system utilizing UART would intend that the DSP would move as slave and it would the feed the boot information to the maestro device ( 89C51 ) , when they need information. Thus the maestro would have the picture information, sing which object demand to be tracked from the slave ( DSP ) and there by the coveted one would be tracked. Thus the presented algorithm would roll up the belongingss of the coveted object, which would voyage the slave for tracking. Based on the place of the Object ( Caregiver ) , the bids will be sent to microcontroller through the consecutive port. Depending on the standard bids, the action will be taken topographic point. The bids and it’s control action for automaton, is given in tabular array. TABLE1: DECISION MAKING TABLE BY ROBOTS.NoCommandRobot motion14Left26Right38Forward45StopThe relationship between the maestro and break one's back device is depicted as province flow chart in the figure7 Fig7. Flow of mechanism between district attorney vinci and robotic system Fig8. Robotic Wheelchair PrototypeDecisionIn this paper, a new algorithm is presented, to do the wheelchair to follow health professional. The algorithm is verified for a set of picture. It reduces the physical work and caregiver’s burden. The proposed architecture has to be implemented.Mentions[ 1 ] Veenman, C. Reinders, M. , and Backer, E. 2001. Deciding gesture correspondence for dumbly traveling points, IEEE Trans. Patt. Analy. Mach. Intell. 23, 1, 54–72. Serby, D. , koller clemency, S. , AND Gool L. V. 2004. Probabilistic object tracking utilizing multiple characteristics. In IEEE International Conference of Pattern Recognition ( ICPR ) . 184–187. Comaniciu, D. , Ramesh, V. , Andmeer, P. 2003. Kernel-based object trailing. IEEE Trans. Patt. Analy. Mach Intell. 25, 564–575. Yilmaz, A. , LI, X. , AND Shah, M. 2004. Contour based object tracking with occlusion managing in picture acquired utilizing nomadic cameras. 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